Atrial Fibrillation -
In atrial fibrillation, the heart's two upper chambers (atria) beat chaotically (fibrillate). They also don't beat in coordination with the two lower chambers of the heart (ventricles). The result is an irregular and often rapid heart rate.

Coronary Artery Disease -
In coronary artery disease (CAD), blockages in the coronary arteries called plaques, prevent an adequate amount of blood from reaching the heart muscle. CAD can cause angina which is pain or discomfort in the chest or adjacent areas caused by insufficient blood flow to the heart muscle.

Coumadin -
An anticoagulant medication used as a "blood-thinner" to prevent the formulation of blood clots and maintain open blood vessels. Coumadin is an oral anticoagulant.

Deep Vein Thrombosis -
A blood clot (thrombus) in a deep vein in the thigh or leg. The clot can break off, travel through the bloodstream and make its way to the lung, where it can cause respiratory distress and respiratory failure.

Thrombolytic Agent -
A drug that is able to dissolve a clot (thrombus) and re-open an artery or vein. Thrombolytic agents may be used to treat a heart attack, stroke or deep-vein thrombosis (clot in a deep leg vein).

Valvular Heart Disease -
Diseases of the valves within the heart. One can be born with valvular heart disease, or the valves can become infected and damaged by bacteria or other microorganisms.